01 - lithium iron phosphate inoratidza maitiro ari kusimukira

Lithium bhatiri ine zvakanakira saizi diki, huremu huremu, kukurumidza kuchaja uye kusimba. Inogona kuoneka kubva mbozha bhatiri uye bhatiri remotokari. Pakati pavo, lithium iron phosphate bhatiri uye ternary material bhatiri mapazi maviri makuru e lithium bhatiri parizvino.

Nezvekuchengetedza zvinodiwa, mumunda wemotokari dzinotakura vanhu uye mota dzechinangwa chakakosha, iyo lithium iron phosphate simba bhatiri ine mutengo wakaderera, yakawedzera kukura uye yakachengeteka chigadzirwa tekinoroji yakashandiswa pamwero wepamusoro. Iyo ternary lithium bhatiri ine yakakwirira chaiyo simba rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda wemotokari dzinotakura vanhu. Muchikamu chitsva chezviziviso, chikamu chemabhatiri e-lithium iron phosphate mumunda wemotokari dzinotakura vanhu chakawedzera kubva pasi pe20% zvisati zvaitika kusvika pa30%.

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) chimwe chezvinhu zvinowanzoshandiswa cathode mabhatiri e lithium-ion. Iine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa, kunyura kwakaderera uye yakanakisa charge discharge cycle performance pasi pechaji yakazara. Ndiyo inotarisisa yekutsvagisa, kugadzira uye kusimudzira mumunda wesimba uye simba rekuchengetedza lithium-ion mabhatiri. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuganhurwa kwechimiro chayo, iyo lithium-ion bhatiri ine lithium iron phosphate sezvo iyo yakanaka zvinhu ine isina kunaka conductivity, inononoka diffusion rate yelithium ion, uye kutadza kuburitsa kuita pakudziya kwakaderera. Izvi zvinoguma nekudzika mileage yemotokari dzekutanga dzakashongedzerwa lithium iron phosphate bhatiri, kunyanya mune yakaderera tembiricha mamiriro.

Kuti utsvage budiriro yekutsungirira mileage, kunyanya mushure meiyo subsidy policy yemotokari itsva dzesimba yaisa pamberi pepamusoro zvinodiwa pamotokari kutsungirira mileage, simba density, kushandiswa kwesimba uye zvimwe zvinhu, kunyangwe lithium iron phosphate bhatiri inogara pamusika kare, iyo ternary lithium. bhatiri rine simba rakanyanya density rave zvishoma nezvishoma rave guru remusika mutsva wemotokari yevafambi. Zvinogona kuoneka kubva pachiziviso chazvino kuti kunyangwe chikamu chelithium iron phosphate bhatiri mumunda wemotokari dzevafambi chawedzera, chikamu che lithium ternary bhatiri chichiri 70%.

02 - chengetedzo ndiyo mukana mukuru

Nickel cobalt aluminium kana nickel cobalt manganese inowanzoshandiswa seanode zvinhu zve ternary lithium mabhatiri, asi kushanda kwepamusoro kwezvinhu hakungounzi simba repamusoro, asiwo kunounza njodzi dzakakwirira dzekuchengetedza. Huwandu husina kukwana hunoratidza kuti muna 2019, huwandu hwetsaona dzekudzima mota nyowani dzakataurwa zvakapetwa kagumi neina kupfuura muna 2018, uye mhando dzakadai saTesla, Weilai, BAIC uye Weima dzakateerana tsaona dzekuzvipisa.

Inogona kuonekwa kubva pangozi kuti moto unonyanya kuitika mukugadzirisa, kana kuti mushure mekubhadhara, nokuti bhatiri ichakwira mukupisa panguva yekushanda kwenguva refu. Kana tembiricha ye ternary lithium bhatiri yadarika 200 ° C, iyo yakanaka zvinhu zviri nyore kuparara, uye oxidation reaction inotungamira kukurumidza kupisa kwekupisa uye kupisa zvine chisimba. Iyo olivine chimiro chelithium iron phosphate inounza kudzikama kwekushisa kwepamusoro, uye tembiricha yayo yekutiza inosvika 800 ° C, uye kushoma gasi kugadzirwa, saka yakachengeteka. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei, zvichibva pakufunga nezvekuchengetedza, mabhazi emagetsi matsva anowanzo shandisa lithium iron phosphate mabhatiri, nepo mabhazi emagetsi matsva anoshandisa ternary lithium mabhatiri ari kutadza kwenguva pfupi kupinda mukhathalogi yemotokari nyowani dzemagetsi ekusimudzirwa nekushandisa.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, mota mbiri dzemagetsi dzeChangan Auchan dzakatora lithium iron phosphate bhatiri, iyo yakasiyana neyakajairwa mabhizinesi emotokari anotarisa pamotokari. Iwo maviri mhando dzeChangan Auchan iSUV uye MPV. Xiong zewei, mutevedzeri wamaneja mukuru weChang'an Auchan Research Institute, akaudza mutori wenhau kuti: “izvi zvinoratidza kuti Auchan akapinda zviri pamutemo munguva yesimba remagetsi mushure memakore maviri ekuedza.”

Nekuda kwekuti sei lithium iron phosphate bhatiri inoshandiswa, Xiong akataura kuti kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari nyowani kwagara kuri imwe ye "marwadzo" evashandisi, uye zvakare inonyanya kunetseka nemabhizinesi. Tichifunga nezveizvi, iyo lithium iron phosphate bhatiri paki yakatakurwa nemota nyowani yapedza bvunzo yekupfuura 1300 ° C murazvo wekubika, - 20 ° C yakadzika tembiricha yakamira, 3.5% munyu mhinduro yakamira, 11 kn yekunze kudzvinyirira, nezvimwe. ., uye yakawana "ina isingatyi" bhatiri yekuchengetedza mhinduro ye "kusatya kupisa, kusatya kutonhora, kusatya mvura, kusatya kukanganisa".

Sekureva kwemishumo, Changan Auchan x7ev yakashongedzerwa negineti yechigarire synchronous mota ine simba rinopfuura 150KW, ine endurance mileage inodarika 405 km uye bhatiri rehupenyu hurefu rine 3000 nguva dzekuchaja cyclic. Pakupisa kwakajairika, zvinongotora hafu yeawa kuti uwedzere kutsungirira mileage inodarika 300 km. "Kutaura zvazviri, nekuda kwekuvapo kweiyo braking simba rekudzoreredza sisitimu, kutsungirira kwemotokari kunogona kusvika makiromita mazana mana nemakumi maviri pasi pemamiriro ekushanda mumadhorobha." Xiong akawedzera.

Zvinoenderana nehurongwa hutsva hwekuvandudza indasitiri yemotokari yemagetsi (2021-2035) (Draft for comments) yakapihwa neBazi reindasitiri uye tekinoroji yeruzivo, kutengeswa kwemotokari nyowani kuchaita nezve 25% panosvika 2025. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti chikamu che motokari itsva dzemagetsi dzicharamba dzichiwedzera mune ramangwana. Muchirevo chechinyorwa ichi, kusanganisira Chang'an Automobile, echinyakare akazvimirira brand mabhizinesi mabhizinesi ari kumhanyisa kurongeka kwemusika wemotokari yemagetsi.